RURAL TOURISM

JAWHAR...

Jawahar from priyankaviva

POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS OF JAWHAR...

SR. NO	Population characteristics	Jawhar block
1	Total population	131346, All rural
2	M:F	1000:1007
3	% Population of children up to 6 years	20.89
4	% SC Population	0.36
5	%ST Population	93.52
6	% Male Literacy	27.72
7	% Female Literacy	11.24
8	Number of Households	25049
9	Average family size	4.7
10	%Households with  Female Head of Family	3.3
11	Avg % BPL Families	78.3
12	Average age of Bride & Groom	12 & 15 yrs respectively
13	Age at First Delivery	13-14 yrs

ANALYSIS:

•Population in Jawhar comprise mostly ST people depending on agriculture as primary source of

income either through own cultivation or farm laborers

•Most individuals are BPL and illiterate.

•Females outnumber Males although their literacy is lesser than males.

Local materials..

ARCHITECTURE

When we talk about the locally available materials

we find

·      Bricks

·      Mud

·      Straws

·      Bamboo sticks

They have a common style of housing seen throughout  Jawhar.

Their house is made of bricks with mud thatched on it.

They even have straws with mud or cow dung thatched over it with a very common sloping Mangalore tiled roof.

Climatic conditions of Jawhar..

Agro-climatic condition

 State of Maharashtra has been subdivided into nine  different agro-climatic zones due to regional variations in rainfall, soil, temperature, cropping pattern, natural flora etc. Jawhar is the component of North Konkan Coastal Agro Climatic Zone. The salient features are presented in Table No. 1 and description of Agro eco-system.

Table No. 1: Salient Features of Agro Climatic Conditions at Jawhar

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      Sl.No.  Agro-Climatic Component                                                       Description

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1. Average Rainfall and number of Rainy Days            2263 mm and 110-120 respectively

2. Potential Cropping Period.                                        150-180 days.

3. Kharif Temperatur e (Min and Max)                           22.7 C & 32.8 C respectively.

4. Rabi Temperature (Min and Max)                             14.7 C & 33.0 C respectively.

5. Summer Temperature (Min and Max)                       23.9 C & 35.0 C respectively.

6. Humidity % (Kharif, Rabi & Summer)                        82.75, 61.75 & 42.25 respectively.

7. Soil type with depth and slope.                                  Stony (3”, 5%), Sandy Loam (6”-8”,

                                                                                           5-10%), Clay Loam (12”-18”, 0-1%)

8. Electrical Conductivity of soil.                                     0.00365 mm hos, Acidic.

9. P2O5/100 gm. soil                                                       6.7, Medium High.

10. K2O/100 gm. Soil 23.30 Medium High.                  23.30 medium high

11. Soil Erodibility.                                                           e    &  e   due to high average  and high rainfall.

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 Description of Agro -eco System in Jawhar Taluka

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            Sl.No.  Land Stretch                         Kharif                                                          Rabi

           ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Upland                                                Natural Grasses and Trees                                        NIL

                                                                 e.g. Ain, Teak, Sadada and Khair

2. Slopy Land                                         Nagali, Varai, Blackgram, Tuar, Cowpea,                NIL

                                                                 Khurasani, Jowr, Ambadi as mixed cropping             

3  low land                                             Paddy & Very little Moranthus                                      NIL

  Soil is reddish in colour, light, with very poor water retention capacity.  Lands are mostly sloping

About 95% production is Jawhar block is agro based.  However, crops are not sufficient to garner any notable monetary gains.  
The cultivation is undertaken with limited objectives of satisfying family needs of food.  It is undertaken with wholly traditional means using wooden plough, Aathwal, Kudal etc.

using artificial chemical based pesticides, seeds and fertilizers.  
Land parching to eradicate weeds in subsoil zone of farm is common practice by utilizing natural grasses, forest litter, paddy waste etc. in summer.

Jawhar taluka comprises about 6800 ha reserved forest area.  Natural forest cover is fast dwindling and accordingly income from forest produce is also accordingly reducing.  This has compelled the native tribal communities to contemplate over other sources of income.  The natural forest comprise medicinal herbs and plants in addition to canopy commercial trees like Teak, Ain, Khair, Koshim, Hirda, Kahandol etc.  However, this indigenous flora is utilized limitedly for supplementary income.  
Minor forest produce like gum, honey, lac, fruit etc. generate almost negligible income for natives.

To prevent and compensate for dwindling forest cover, Department of Social Forestry had initiated plantation programmes over village waste lands, Gram Panchayat, School areas.  Trees like Acacia, Gulmohar, Glyricidia etc. suffice mere vegetation rather than any proposed commercial output.

LOCAL TRIBES OF JAWHAR...

                                Tribal Communities: 

 Tribal communities in Maharashtra account for 73 lakh population comprising

47 tribes confined in 75 talukas of 15 districts.  Out of this population, Thane district has 951000 tribal population. 

Jawhar taluka comprise 100% tribal population of 131346.  

Anthropological evidences suggest that many of these tribes are of Dravidian ancestry.  Brief description of native tribal communities in Jawhar is as under.

Qualitative Classification

1.   Mahadev Koli:  Account for 2.3% tribal population.

 This is the most progressive tribe in the region and characterized by lesser addiction, maximum literacy, maximum % of  land ownership and better financial resources.  Construction of Morpakhi house is sharply district than other tribes’ houses.

                                                                           

 2.  Konkana:   About 50% individuals hold ownership land, literacy lesser than Mahadeo Kolis. Community comprises 25-30% total population in the region.  House is mostly Chowpakhi.

 

 3.  Warli:  This community is famous due to unique paintings.  Literacy % is about 50, 40% of the  populatio n members hold land ownership and account for about 20% total population.  This tribe can be  distinguished from Konkana due to their style of wearing knee length clothes.  Their house is either  Chowpakhi or Dupakhi.

 4.  Thakar:  Cover about 50% of total tribal population in Jawhar   Literacy % and land ownership % is about 25 and 40 respectively.  This tribe has two sub-tribes viz. K & M due to difference in intra-tribe speech accent.  This tribe has more domestic cattle than their counterparts.

 5.Dhorkoli and Katkari:  These primitive tribes account for about 46%, maximum individuals illiterate and landless of pastoral origin.  These tribes are considered too backward since they do not have own source of permanent income, living in hutments, consuming rats, dead cattle etc. in routine diet

NEW HOPES, NEW ENERGIES.....

JAWHAR

The day started with a new hope, new energies and enthusiasm to do something great and 
learn a lot..

We stared off our journey from Virar to Boisar by train
and got down at Boisar station by 1 hour.

And  within 1 hour we again continued our journey for Jawhar it took us around 1 hour 45 min. to reach Jawhar.

Jawhar is a city and a municipal council in Thane district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

 It is about 166 km from Mumbai and 80 km from the city of Nasik.

Jawhar is located at 19.92°N 73.23°E.

 It has an average elevation of 447 meters (1466 feet).

This time we first went to the municipal commissioner's office.

We came across many facts that, Jawhar is a main city with many small hamlets around.

Jawhar lies 479 m above MSL in Sahyadri ranges in 10 43’ to 20 North latitude and East   72 55’ to 73 20’ in Thane district.

  

Traditionally ruled by tribal dynasty history of this place has been documented since 14th century.  However, the place was deemed status of upper district comprising six talukas as late as in 1993.  This comprises 185 villages with 103175 hectare geographic area mostly covered by undulating terrains.  The area has four significant rivers viz. Surya, Pinjali, Wagh and Deharji. 

•    State : Maharashtra

•    District : Thane

•    Elevation : 447m (1,467ft)

•    Population : 11,296 (as per 2001 census)

•    Language : Marathi

•    Literacy rate : 72%

•    Community : Warli community

•    Main Occupation : farming for 4 months

other occupation : labor work for other 8 months

•    Main crop : rice, cashew nut, mango

•    Specialty : tourism , hill station ( mini Mahabaleshwar of thane district)

                    WARLI PAINTING

      •    Other than this Dashera is the festival worth attending, as it is celebrated with great 
            enthusiasm..